منابع مشابه
Domestic pigeons
Figure 1. Diversity among breeds of domestic pigeons (Columba livia). Variation among pigeon breeds is often of the magnitude observed among different species of birds, including beak size extremes of the (A) African owl and (B) Scandaroon; (C) the head crest of the Old German owl and (D) hood of the Jacobin; (E) supernumerary and elevated tail feathers of the fantail; and (F) scales versus (G)...
متن کاملEchoic memory in pigeons.
It is unknown whether birds are able to retain the memory of purely sensory auditory information such as white noise over an extended period of time. In a Pavlovian heart rate conditioning paradigm, four pigeons were trained to associate a mild electric shock with periodic random waveforms, and no shock with aperiodic noise. Periodic waveform detection requires echoic memory, i.e., the online r...
متن کاملReflexivity in pigeons.
A recent theory of pigeons' equivalence-class formation (Urcuioli, 2008) predicts that reflexivity, an untrained ability to match a stimulus to itself, should be observed after training on two "mirror-image" symbolic successive matching tasks plus identity successive matching using some of the symbolic matching stimuli. One group of pigeons was trained in this fashion; a second group was traine...
متن کاملVisual Performance of Pigeons
Even superficial observation of birds in their natural environment suggests that the performance of their visual system is at least on a par with ours. Many detailed field studies amply confirm this inference. During a 3-year study of free-ranging skylarks (Alauda arvensis), circumstantial evidence indicated that their vision was superior to that of the observer in a variety of situations (Deli...
متن کاملImpulse control in pigeons.
Pigeons were given a small, immediate food reinforcement for pecking a key, and a larger, delayed reinforcement for not pecking this key. Most subjects pecked the key on more than 95% of trials. However, when pecking a differently colored key at an earlier time prevented this option from becoming available, three of 10 subjects consistently pecked it, thereby forcing themselves to wait for the ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Bulletin of the African Bird Club
سال: 1998
ISSN: 1352-481X
DOI: 10.5962/p.309561